Monographs

ὅπως, originally a relative adverb meaning how, is derived from the relative particle σϝοδ (with which Eng. so is connected), to which the indefinite πώς has been added. Hom. ὅππως from σϝοδ-πως, as ὅττι from σϝοδ-τι ( ^cross81 D 2).

a. The adverbial meaning of ὅπως is still seen in its use as an indefinite relative and as an indirect interrogative; and by the fact that in its place ὅπῃ, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ, ἐξ ὅτου τρόπου are sometimes used. By association with the subjunctive ὅπως became a conjunction (cp. μή πως) used with or without ἄν in final clauses (see ^cross2196, ^cross2201). On the use as a conjunction in object clauses after verbs of effort and of fear, see ^cross2211, ^cross2228. So in dependent statements ὅπως passed from how into that ( ^cross2578 d).