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Verbs in -αω, -εω, -οω contract the final α, ε, ο of the verb-stem with the thematic vowel -όε (-ώη) in the present and imperfect tenses. Thus, τι_μάω τι_μῶ, ποιέω ποιῶ, δηλόω δηλῶ; ἐτί_μαον ἐτί_μων, ἐποίεον ἐποίουν, ἐδήλοον ἐδήλουν. The rules of contraction are given in 4955; the paradigms, p. 120.

a. Open forms of -εω verbs occur in the lyric parts of tragedy.

Subjunctive.—The subjunctive adds the primary endings. For the contractions see ^cross59.

Optative.—άοι becomes ῷ, έοι and όοι become οῖ. Thus. -άο-ι_-μι -ῷμι, -αο-ίη-ν -ῴην, -αο-ί_-μην -ῴμην; -έο-ι_-μι -οῖμι, -εο-ίη-ν -οίην, -εο-ί_-μην -οίμην; -όο-ι_-μι -οῖμι, -ο-ίη-ν -οίην, -οο-ί_-μην -οίμην. Thus, τι_μῴην (τι_μαο-ίη-ν), τι_μῴης (τι_μαο-ίη-ς), τι_μῴη (τι_μαο-ίη), τι_μῴμην (τι_μαο-ί_-μην), ποιοῖο (ποιέο-ι_-σο), ποιοῖτο (ποιέο-ι_-το).

In the singular -αω verbs usually end in -ῴην, -ῴης, -ώῃ, rarely in -ῷμι, -ῷς, -ῷ. -εω verbs usually end in -οίην, -οίης, -οίη, rarely in -οῖμι, -οῖς, -οῖ (-οῖ chiefly in Plato).

In the dual and plural -αω verbs usually end in -ῷτον, -ῴτην, -ῷμεν, -ῷτε, -ῷεν, rarely in -ῴητον, -ῳήτην, -ῴημεν, -ῴητε, -ῴησαν. -εω verbs usually end in -οῖτον, -οίτην, -οῖμεν, -οῖτε, -οῖεν, rarely in -οίητον, -οιήτην, -οίημεν, -οίητε, -οίησαν.

Few cases of the optative of -οω verbs occur. In the sing. both -οίην and -οῖμι are found; in the plur. -οῖμεν, -οῖτε, -οῖεν. For ῥι_γῴην from ῥι_γόω shiver see ^cross641.

Several contract verbs have stems in -α_, -η, -ω.

These are the verbs of 394, 398 with apparently irregular contraction, and δρῶ do; with presents made from -α_-yω, -η-yω, -ω-yω. Thus, from ζήω, ζήεις, ζήει and χρήομαι, χρήε (ς) αι, χρήεται come ζῶ, ζῇς, ζῇ and χρῶμαι, χρῇ, χρῆται; so διψῆν, πεινῆν from διψή-εν, πεινή-εν. ίδρόω, ῥι_γόω ( ^cross398) derive the forms in ω and ῳ from ἱδρω-, ῥι_γω- (ἱδρώω, ῥι_γώω from ἱδρως-yω, ῥι_γως-yω). The forms in -οω are from the weaker stems ἰδρος-, ῥι_γος-.

Hom. has διψά_ων, πεινά_ων, πεινήμεναι, μνά_ομαι, χρήων (Mss. χρείων) uttering oracles, γελώω, ἱδρώω. The verbs in 394, except διψῶ and πεινῶ, have stems in η and α ( ^cross36 e); thus, in Hdt., χρᾶται from χράεται, but χρέω imper., χρεώμενος from χρῆο, χρηόμενος by 34. Hom. and Ion. ζώω has the stem ζω (ζω-yω). Hdt. has ζῆν, διψῆν, but κνᾶν, σμᾶν.