Herbert Weir Smyth [n.d.], A Greek Grammar for Colleges; Machine readable text [info] [word count] [Smyth].

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229TABLE OF THE UNION OF THE CASE ENDINGS WITH THE STEM VOWEL

SINGULAR		DUAL			PLURAL
Masc. and Fem.	Neuter	Masc., Fem., and Neuter			Masc. and Fem.	Neuter
Nom. ο-ς	ο-ν	N. A. V.	ω	Nom.	ο-ι	α
Gen. ου (for ο- (ι) ο)		G. D.	ο-ιν	Gen.	ων
Dat. ῳ (for ο-ι)				Dat.	ο-ις or ο-ισι (ν)
Acc. ο-ν				Acc.	ους (for ο-νς)	α
Voc. ε	ο-ν			Voc.	ο-ι	α

a. Final -οι is treated as short ( ^cross169).

b. The dat. sing. in -ῳ represents the union of the stem vowel -ο and ai, the original case ending in the I. E. languages. Forms in -οι, as οἴκοι at home, may be locatives (-ο ι, the locative ending).—The stem vowel ο varies with ε, which appears in the vocative sing., and in πανδημεί (locative) in full force.— N. A. V. dual -ω is for I. E. ōu.—The genitive pl. -ων is due to the union of -ο ων, which contracted to -ων in the earliest period of the language.—The neuter plural is probably the relic of a feminine collective ending in -α_, which was shortened to -α.

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Herbert Weir Smyth [n.d.], A Greek Grammar for Colleges; Machine readable text [info] [word count] [Smyth].

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